Standards of practice define "installed" as meaning:

The correct understanding of "installed" in the context of standards of practice relates to the conditions of how items are affixed or integrated into a property. The choice indicating that "installed" means requiring the use of tools to remove reflects the idea that an item is permanently or semi-permanently fixed and not easily removed without the use of tools. This concept is fundamental in home inspections, as it assesses whether certain features are integral to the home itself (such as built-in appliances, fixtures, or structural components) and how they contribute to the overall evaluation of the property.

Items that can be taken out without tools would generally be classified as personal property rather than installed fixtures. Thus, if an object is considered installed, it implies that it is attached or connected in such a way that it cannot be casually removed, which often necessitates tools and effort, demonstrating its permanence within the structure.

The other options don't align with this definition. For instance, being provided by the current owner does not inherently imply installation status, as it could refer to movable items. Similarly, the notion of any item present when the house was built or any device requiring utilities lacks specificity regarding the permanence or method of attachment to the property.